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 Substance \Sub"stance\, n. [F., fr. L. substantia, fr. substare
   to be under or present, to stand firm; sub under + stare to
   stand. See {Stand}.]
   1. That which underlies all outward manifestations;
      substratum; the permanent subject or cause of phenomena,
      whether material or spiritual; that in which properties
      inhere; that which is real, in distinction from that which
      is apparent; the abiding part of any existence, in
      distinction from any accident; that which constitutes
      anything what it is; real or existing essence.
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            These cooks, how they stamp, and strain, and grind,
            And turn substance into accident!     --Chaucer.
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            Heroic virtue did his actions guide,
            And he the substance, not the appearance, chose.
                                                  --Dryden.
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   2. The most important element in any existence; the
      characteristic and essential components of anything; the
      main part; essential import; purport.
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            This edition is the same in substance with the
            Latin.                                --Bp. Burnet.
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            It is insolent in words, in manner; but in substance
            it is not only insulting, but alarming. --Burke.
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   3. Body; matter; material of which a thing is made; hence,
      substantiality; solidity; firmness; as, the substance of
      which a garment is made; some textile fabrics have little
      substance.
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   4. Material possessions; estate; property; resources.
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            And there wasted his substance with riotous living.
                                                  --Luke xv. 13.
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            Thy substance, valued at the highest rate,
            Can not amount unto a hundred marks.  --Shak.
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            We are destroying many thousand lives, and
            exhausting our substance, but not for our own
            interest.                             --Swift.
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   5. (Theol.) Same as {Hypostasis}, 2.
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